공분산(r1로 되돌리기)

공분산을 구하는 방법:
{{{#!wiki style="text-align: center"
[br][math(\begin{aligned}{\rm Cov}(X,\,X)&=\sigma_{XX}\\&=\displaystyle\frac{1}{N}\sum_{i=1}^n (X_i-\mu_X)(X_i-\mu_X)\\&=\frac{1}{N}\sum_{i=1}^n (X_i-\mu_X)^2\\&={\mathbb E}[(X-\mu)^2]\\&={\rm Var}[X] \\ \\S_{XX}&=\displaystyle\frac{1}{n-1}\sum_{i=1}^n {(X_i-\bar X)(X_i-\bar X)}\\&=\frac{1}{n-1}\sum_{i=1}^n (X_i-\bar X)^2\\&={S_X}^2\end{aligned})]}}}

요약

Liberty | the tree